PRESENT PROGRESSIVE The present progressive expresses an activity that is in progress at the moment of speaking. It began in the recent past, is continuing at present, and will probably end at some point in the future. a.        John is sleeping right now. b.        I need an umbrella because it is raining. c.        John and Mary are talking on the phone. Often the activity is of a general nature: something generally in progress this week, this month, this year. Note (c): the sentence means that writing a book is a general activity she is engaged in at present, but it does not mean that at the moment of speaking she is sitting at her desk with pen is hand. a.        I am taking five courses this sentences. b.        John is trying to improve his work habits. c.        She is writin...

  SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE The simple present says that something was true in the past, is true in the present, and will be true in the future. It is used for general statement of fact . a.        Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen. b.        Most animals kill only for food. c.         The world is round. The simple present is used to express habitual or everyday activity. a.        I study for two hours every night. b.        My classes begins at nine. c.         He always eats a sandwich for lunch. Certain verbs are not used in the progressive tenses. With these verbs, the simple present may indicate a situation that exists right now, at the moment of speaking. a.        I have only a dollar right now. b.      ...

  EXPRESSION OF LOVE Study the dialogue then practice it! Lia: “I was sad reading about the accident caused by the trailer. Another news told about the broken bridge that caused the accident.” Vina: “You know I love travelling but the high rate of transportation accidents discourages me a lot.” Lia: “The fact shows that the careless bus drivers have caused a lot of accidents but you don’t have to stop traveling, do you? Vina:”How about the old bridge? It seems that the local government paid no attention to them. They will start thinking about it after the accidents have taken place. Can you imagine the sadness of the victims families?” Lia: “Of course I can Moreover. I remember when the fifty students died because of being burnt in the bus. But the point is we needn’t stop our activities only because of that Right? I won’t stop my pleasure , like traveling. What we need is being careful. Don’t you agree?” Vina: “Absolutely. We really love travelling.” The bold type...

  EXPRESSION OF SADNESS Study the dialogue, then practice it. Yulia: “Hi .... Richard” Richard: “ Hello ...., Yulia” Yulia: “ You look so awful. Why do you ask me to come here?” Richard: “ I want to share with you.” Yulia: “What is the problem?” Richard: “ I am very sad because my father is sick.” Yulia: “I am sorry to hear that.” Richard:”Thank you. And I have another problem.” Richard: “What is that? Share it with me!” Yulia: “Next week we have to pay the school monthly fee, but I don’t have any money. What should I do?” Yulia: “It’s easy. I still have some money. You can use it. “ Richard: “No. I do not need that.” Yulia: “Why not? Come on ... you are my best friend. I am happy if I can help you.” Richard: “Thank you.” Yulia: “Don’t mention it! Now, just smile. And I hope your father will be better soon.” Richard:”Thank you. Yulia. You are really my best friend.” The bold typed sentence in the dialogue above is used to express sadness . The expression of sadn...

  BIOGRAPHY A biography or simply bio is an account of a person’s life. It entails more than basic facts like education, work, relationships, and death-a biography also portrays a subject’s experience of these events. A biography is a kind of recount texts. This text is for questions 1 to 4 Galileo Galilei Galileo Galilei was born in Italy on February 15th 1564. He was the oldest out of six children to Vincenzo Galilei and Giulia Ammannati. He started studying medicine at University of Pisa in 1583. Unfortunately, he could not finish his degree because he had financial difficulties in 1585. Nevertheless, his role was so significant that he was called “The Father of Modern Science”. While almost becoming a professor, he left the university and continued studying mathematics. He supported himself by teaching in minor position. At the same time, he started studying objects in motion and published The Little Balance. As a result, he got a teaching post at the University of ...

  LET’S STUDY “THE CAUSATIVE “HAVE AND GET”. STUDY THE PATTERNS. READ THE EXAMPLES. A.     Causative HAVE is followed by the simple form of a verb, not an infinitive. Causative HAVE means that someone asks another person/ people to do something. Here is the pattern. Subject +have/has/had + object + Vbase   Examples: 1.        My English teacher has me do this test. 2.        Vita and Rosa have Ratih tell the film review. Here are some other examples. Subject Have/has/had Object (active) Vbase   1.     Dr. Smith Has His nurse take the patient’s temperature. 2.    I have the mechanic check the brakes. 3.    The director had his secretary tax ...